Digital Substation

Relay protection, SCADA, Metering, and Cybersecurity for electrical infrastructure.

Latest Articles

Latest engineering publications on IEC 61850, digital substations, PRP/HSR, and IEEE 1588 (PTPv2).

vIED, the CIGRE Way: What WG B5.84 Says You Can — and Cannot — Virtualise

CIGRE's first dedicated framework for virtualised IEDs will not publish until Q1 2028 — but the vPAC pilots that have to align to it are being commissioned now. Its scope is already public, through the working group's Terms of Reference and a framework article refeatured in ELECTRA 345 (April 2026): what is mandatory, what is deliberately out of scope, and what every 2026 vPAC pilot should already be doing in response.

SmpSynch, holdover and the fate of complex protections at a digital substation

What IEC 61869-9 actually requires, and where the boundary lies between "still synchronized" and "no longer synchronized". The article unpacks the "2 → 1 → 0" misconception about SAMU/NCIT behavior on PTP loss, the link between clockClass, timeTraceable and SmpSynch, and how a complex protection function should react when one of its source streams loses synchronization.

ICSForge Released — an Open-Source Platform for Validating ICS Cybersecurity Coverage

ICSForge has been released under the GPLv3 license — an open-source tool for validating the coverage of ICS cybersecurity tools. It supports 10 industrial protocols (including Modbus/TCP, IEC-104, S7comm, OPC UA, IEC 61850 GOOSE), 536 scenarios and 11 ready-made attack chains, all mapped to the MITRE ATT&CK for ICS matrix (coverage 68 of 83 techniques, 82 %).

Wireshark Capture Filters for IEC 61850 Traffic: A Digital Substation Engineer's Cheatsheet

A practical reference for capture filters in Wireshark when working with IEC 61850 traffic. Why a display filter is not enough on a digital substation (especially of the process-bus generation), how a capture filter differs from a display filter, how the BPF (Berkeley Packet Filter) syntax is structured, and ready-to-use filter recipes for GOOSE and SV — from selecting by EtherType and OUI to APPID and multicast addresses.

UCA International Users Group Opens Registration for 61850 IOP 2026

UCA International Users Group has opened registration for 61850 IOP 2026, the annual interoperability testing event for IEC 61850 equipment and software tools. For the first time, the programme includes multi-vendor MPLS network testing and functional verification based on Basic Application Profiles (BAP) per IEC 61850-7-6 Ed.2 and IEC 61850-90-30:2025.

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